H12-811_V1.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIA-Datacom Questions and Answers

Detailed Explanation:

Option B: OSPF supports triggered updates, allowing routing tables to be updated only when changes occur, conserving bandwidth.

Option D: OSPF supports area division, which is essential for optimizing large networks and limiting the scope of link-state advertisements.

Option A is incorrect because OSPF calculates the shortest path based on cost, not hop count.

Option C is incorrect; OSPF prevents routing loops by maintaining a loop-free topology through its link-state database.

(Reference: HCIA-Datacom Training Material, OSPF Features)

Detailed Explanation:An MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) header includes the following fields:

Label: Identifies the MPLS path.

TTL (Time to Live): Limits the lifetime of the MPLS packet.

EXP (Experimental): Used for QoS marking. The Tos (Type of Service) field is part of the IP header, not MPLS.

(Reference: HCIA-Datacom Training Material, MPLS Header Fields)

Comprehensive Explanation: A routing table contains information necessary for the router to determine the best path to forward packets. This includes the destination network or subnet (Destination/Mask), the next-hop address (the IP address of the next device in the path), and the cost (metric) associated with the route. MAC addresses are used at the Data Link layer (Layer 2) for local network communication and are not part of the routing table, which operates at the Network layer (Layer 3).

Detailed Explanation:In a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) environment, the root bridge is selected based on the bridge ID. Here, SWA has the lowest bridge ID (4096:0001-0203-04AA), making it the root bridge. For each network segment, STP elects one designated port to forward traffic, and all other ports in that segment will be blocked to prevent loops.

Following the STP rules:

SWA is the root bridge, so all of its ports (G0/0/2 and G0/0/3) will be designated ports.

Each non-root switch (SWB and SWC) selects one root port, which is the port with the lowest path cost to the root bridge (SWA).

SWB's G0/0/3 will have a higher path cost when compared with G0/0/1 (if assuming equal link costs), thus making G0/0/1 the root port on SWB.

SWB will then block its G0/0/3 port to prevent a loop, as SWA's G0/0/3 is already the designated port for that link.

Hence, G0/0/3 of SWB will be in the blocking state to maintain a loop-free topology