H12-811_V1.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei HCIA-Datacom Questions and Answers

Comprehensive Explanation: When a switch port receives an untagged frame, the port adds the default VLAN ID, known as the PVID (Port VLAN ID), to the frame. This ensures that the frame is associated with a specific VLAN before it is forwarded. The PVID represents the VLAN to which the port belongs and is used when the port receives untagged traffic. This behavior is typical for access and hybrid ports in a VLAN-enabled switch configuration.

STP Forwarding State:In the forwarding state, a port can:

Send and receive BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units).

Learn source MAC addresses from incoming frames.

Forward frames to their destinations​​.

Analysis of Options:

Option A: Correct. Ports in the forwarding state send BPDUs to maintain network topology.

Option B: Incorrect. Ports in the forwarding state do learn source MAC addresses.

Option C: Correct. Ports in the forwarding state receive BPDUs.

Option D: Correct. Ports in the forwarding state forward data frames.

Correct Answer:B. A port in a forwarding state does not learn the source MAC address of a frame is incorrect.

In Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), the Port ID consists of:

8-bit Port Priority

8-bit Port Number

This results in a total length of 16 bits.

B, C, and D are incorrect since they do not represent the full length of the Port ID.

Thus, the correct answer is A (16 bits).

Comprehensive Explanation: In Software-Defined Networking (SDN), the control plane (which makes decisions about where to send traffic) is separated from the forwarding plane (which actually moves packets to their destinations). This separation allows for centralized control and management of the network, enabling programmability and greater flexibility. SDN controllers manage the control plane, while individual switches or routers handle the forwarding of data.