FCSS_EFW_AD-7.4 Exam Dumps - Fortinet Certified Solution Specialist Questions and Answers

False positives inIntrusion Prevention System (IPS)analysis can disrupt legitimate traffic and negatively impact user experience. To reduce false positives while maintaining security, administrators can:

●Use IPS profile extensions to fine-tune the settings based on the organization's environment.

●Select the correct operating system, protocol, and application typesto ensure that IPS signatures match the network's actual traffic patterns, reducing false positives.

●Customize signature selectionbased on the network’s specific services, filtering out unnecessary or irrelevant signatures.

InADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) configurations, security concerns includeprotecting peer IDsduring VPN establishment. Peer IDs are exchanged in theIKE (Internet Key Exchange) negotiation phase, and their exposure could lead toprivacy risks or targeted attacks.

●IKEv2 encrypts peer IDs, making itmore securecompared to IKEv1, where peer IDs can beexposed in plaintextin aggressive mode.

●IKEv2 also provides better performance and flexibilitywhile supporting dynamic tunnel establishment in ADVPN.

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN)is an overlay network technology that extends Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 infrastructure. When VXLAN is used extensively on FortiGate, hardware acceleration is crucial for maintaining performance.

●NP7 (Network Processor 7)is Fortinet’s latest network processor designed to accelerate high-performance networking features, including:

●VXLAN encapsulation/decapsulation

●IPsec VPN offloading

●Firewall policy enforcement

●Advanced threat protection at wire speed

NP7 significantlyreduces latency and improves throughputwhen handling VXLAN traffic, making it the best choice for large-scale VXLAN deployments.

FortiGate_A and FortiGate_B are in thesame autonomous system (AS), andFortiGate_Adoesnot currently have route 172.16.1.248/30in its routing table. However, FortiGate_B has this routeas a connected route.

To dynamically advertiseonly172.16.1.248/30 fromFortiGate_B to FortiGate_A, the administrator must configure aBGP route map outonFortiGate_Bthat specifically permitsonlythis prefix.

A BGP route map out on FortiGate_Bcontrols which routes FortiGate_B advertises to FortiGate_A. If no filtering is applied, FortiGate_B might advertiseall BGP-learned and connected routes, which is not what the administrator wants. The route map should include aprefix-listthat explicitlyallows only172.16.1.248/30 and denies everything else.

IKEv2 (Internet Key Exchange version 2) is an improvement over IKEv1, offering enhanced security, efficiency, and flexibility in VPN configurations.

It includes stronger Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups, such as Elliptic Curve (ECP) groups.

IKEv2 supports stronger cryptographic algorithms, includingElliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH)groups such asECP256 and ECP384, providing improved security compared to IKEv1.

It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP).

IKEv2 natively supports EAP authentication, which allows integration with external authentication mechanisms such asRADIUS, certificates, and smart cards. This is particularly useful forremote access VPNswhere user authentication must be flexible and secure.

Use metadata variables to dynamically assign values according to each FortiGate device:Metadata variables in FortiManager allow device-specific configurations to be dynamically assigned without manually configuring each FortiGate. This is especially useful when deploying multiple devices with similar base configurations.

Use provisioning templates and install configuration settings at the device layer:Provisioning templates in FortiManager provide a structured way to configure FortiGate devices. These templates can define interfaces, policies, and settings, ensuring that each device is correctly configured upon deployment.

Add FortiGate devices on FortiManager as model devices, and use ZTP or LTP to connect to FortiGate devices:Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) and Local Touch Provisioning (LTP) help automate the deployment of FortiGate devices. By adding devices as model devices in FortiManager, configurations can be pushed automatically when devices connect for the first time, reducing manual effort.

In this scenario, thecorporate networkand thenew remote office networkneed to communicate over theInternet, which requires asecure and dynamic routing method. Since both networks are usingOSPF (Open Shortest Path First)as the routing protocol, the best approach is to establish anOSPF over IPsec VPNto ensure secure and dynamic route propagation.

OSPF is already running on the corporate network, and extending it over an IPsec tunnel allows dynamic route exchange between the corporate FortiGate and the remote office FortiGate.IPsec provides encryptionfor traffic over the Internet, ensuring secure communication.OSPF over IPsec eliminates the need for manual static routes, allowing automatic route updates if networks change.

The new remote office's192.168.1.0/24 subnetwill be advertised dynamically to the corporate network without additional configuration.

From theBGP neighbor status output, the key issue is thatBGP is stuck in the "Idle" state, meaning the FortiGate is unable to establish a BGP session with its peer100.65.4.1(Remote AS 65300).

The output also shows:

●"Not directly connected EBGP"→ This means the BGP peer is not on the same subnet, requiring multihop BGP.

●"Update source is Loopback"→ Since a loopback interface is used, FortiGate must be configured to allow BGP neighbors over multiple hops.

To resolve this issue, the administrator must enableebgp-enforce-multihop, which allows BGP sessions to be established even when the neighbors are not directly connected.

TheInternet Service Database (ISDB)in FortiGate is used to enforce content filtering atLayer 3 (Network Layer) and Layer 4 (Transport Layer)of the OSI model by identifying applications based on theirpredefined IP addresses and ports.

FortiGate has a predefined list of all IPs and ports for specific applications downloaded from FortiGuard:

● FortiGate retrieves and updates apredefined listof IPs and ports for different internet services fromFortiGuard.

● This allows FortiGate to block specific services atLayer 3 and Layer 4without requiring deep packet inspection.

The ISDB blocks the IP addresses and ports of an application predefined by FortiGuard:

● ISDB works by matching traffic to knownIP addresses and portsof categorized services.

● When an application or service is blocked, FortiGate prevents communication bydenying traffic based on its destination IP and port number.

The diagram shows a FortiGate connected to two FortiSwitches, which suggests the use ofFortiLink, Fortinet's protocol for managing switches directly from a FortiGate. Since multiple connections are being used, the LAN interface must be set to802.3ad (LAG)mode to aggregate the links for redundancy and load balancing.

This setup allows FortiGate to handle VLAN assignments dynamically, as seen withVLAN 10 (192.168.15.1/24). FortiLink ensures seamless integration between FortiGate and FortiSwitches, making STP unnecessary because Fortinet'sMCLAGprevents loops at Layer 2. SD-WAN, on the other hand, is used for WAN interfaces and does not apply to switch connectivity in this scenario.