200-201 Exam Dumps - Cisco CyberOps Associate Questions and Answers

The output indicates that several ports are open on the server with IP address 172.18.104.139, including port 22/tcp for SSH, port 25/tcp for SMTP, port 110/tcp for POP3, and port 143/tcp for IMAP - these are typically associated with a web server. References := Cisco Cybersecurity Source Documents

TOR is a network that enables anonymous communication over the internet by routing the traffic through a series of relays or nodes. TOR alters the data content during transit by encrypting it and the destination information over multiple layers, using a technique called onion routing. Each layer of encryption can only be decrypted by a specific relay in the network, which reveals the next destination. This way, no single relay knows the complete path or the content of the data, making it difficult to trace or monitor the communication. References := Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals, Module 2: Security Monitoring, Lesson 2.1: The Network as a Sensor, Topic 2.1.3: Network Data Exfiltration Techniques

• SQL injection is a type of injection attack where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution.
• The primary way to prevent SQL injection is by validating and sanitizing user input. This involves checking the input for malicious content and ensuring it adheres to expected patterns.
• Prepared statements (parameterized queries) are also highly effective, as they treat user input as data rather than executable code.
• Implementing these practices ensures that any input received from users does not manipulate SQL queries in a harmful way.

References

• OWASP SQL Injection Prevention Cheat Sheet
• Best Practices for Input Validation and Sanitization
• Secure Coding Guidelines

• The Cuckoo sandbox report shows the analysis results of a file named "VirusShare_fc1937c1aa536b3744ebfb1716fd5f4d".
• The file type is identified as a PE32 executable for MS Windows.
• The "Yara" section indicates that the file contains shellcode, which matches specific shellcode byte patterns.
• Shellcode typically indicates that the file will execute a payload, often used to open a command interpreter or execute commands directly.
• Additionally, the antivirus result shows that the file was identified as containing a trojan (Trojan.Generic.7654828), which is consistent with behaviors such as opening a command interpreter for malicious purposes.

References

• Cuckoo Sandbox Documentation
• Analysis of Shellcode Behavior
• Understanding Trojan Malware Functionality

• According to NIST SP800-61, the incident response lifecycle consists of four phases: Preparation, Detection and Analysis, Containment, Eradication and Recovery, and Post-Incident Activity.
• When a SOC team member checks the Cisco Firepower Manager dashboard for further isolation actions, they are working within the Eradication and Recovery phase.
• This phase focuses on removing the threat from the environment and recovering affected systems to normal operations.

References

• NIST SP800-61 Computer Security Incident Handling Guide
• Incident Response Phases Explained
• Role of SOC in Incident Response

DDoS attacks are divided into two categories: reflected and direct. Reflected attacks use a third-party system to amplify the attack traffic and send it to the target. For example, an attacker can send a spoofed request to a DNS server, which will reply with a large amount of data to the target’s IP address. Direct attacks send the attack traffic directly from the attacker’s system or a botnet to the target. For example, an attacker can send a large number of SYN packets to the target’s port, exhausting its resources. References := Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals, Module 1: Security Concepts, Lesson 1.3: Common Network Application Operations and Attacks, Topic 1.3.4: Denial-of-Service Attacks

The analyst is in the detection and analysis phase of the incident response process according to NIST SP800-61. In this phase, events are detected and analyzed to determine whether they constitute incidents that require a response. It involves monitoring security events or data collection, correlation, and analysis of log entries and network flow data, among others. The goal is to identify incidents quickly so that appropriate actions can be taken. References := NIST SP800-61, Computer Security Incident Handling Guide, Section 3.2: Detection and Analysis

• Rule-based detection methods rely on predefined rules and patterns that are known beforehand. These rules are created based on prior knowledge of what constitutes normal and abnormal behavior.
• Statistical detection, on the other hand, involves analyzing data to identify anomalies. It is based on assumptions about what normal behavior looks like and uses statistical methods to detect deviations from this norm.
• Rule-based systems are typically straightforward but may miss novel attacks that do not match existing rules.
• Statistical methods can detect previously unknown threats by recognizing patterns that deviate from established baselines but may produce more false positives.

References

• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) Concepts
• Comparative Studies on Rule-based and Statistical Anomaly Detection
• Understanding Anomaly Detection in Network Security