200-201 Exam Dumps - Cisco CyberOps Associate Questions and Answers

This event category is exploitation because the HTTP requests contain PHP code that attempts to execute commands on the web server and create a backdoor. Exploitation is the phase of the attack where the threat actor gains access to the target system and executes malicious code. References: https://learningnetworkstore.cisco.com/on-demand-e-learning/understanding-cisco-cybersecurity-operations-fundamentals-cbrops-v1-0/CSCU-LP-CBROPS-V1-028093.html (Module 2, Lesson 2.1.3)

The weaponization step in the Cyber Kill Chain model involves creating or repurposing malware based on the information gathered during reconnaissance to exploit vulnerabilities in the target’s system. This step culminates in the preparation of the malware to be delivered to the victim2.

References:

• Understanding Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals (CBROPS)
• Cyber Kill Chain

 Traffic fragmentation is an evasion technique where an attacker splits malicious payloads into smaller packets. This can help avoid detection since some security systems may not reassemble these packets to inspect the complete payload.

The /var/log/auth.log file contains information about authentication and authorization events on a Linux system, such as successful and failed logins, sudo commands, and SSH sessions. The output in the exhibit shows a failed login attempt from a user named “root” using SSH. References: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/security/ise/2-4/admin_guide/b_ise_admin_guide_24/b_ise_admin_guide_24_new_chapter_01101.html

The presence of a default user agent in the headers of requests and data being transmitted suggests a cache bypassing attack. In this scenario, the attacker is likely requesting noncacheable content to avoid detection by caching mechanisms that could otherwise identify and block malicious traffic.

 A vulnerability refers to a weakness or flaw in a system that can be exploited by threats (such as hackers or malware) to gain unauthorized access, cause damage, etc. Threats exploit these vulnerabilities to impact the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of information and systems. References: Cisco Cybersecurity Associate

The user-agent HTTP header field is used in forensics to identify the type of browser used. It contains a characteristic string that allows network protocol peers to identify the operating system and browser of the web-server. This information is crucial in forensic analysis as it can provide insights into the client’s environment1.

References := The importance of the user-agent string in identifying the browser type is discussed in various technical resources, including the Wikipedia page on HTTP header fields2 and articles on GeeksforGeeks1.

• The exhibit shows a pcap file capturing multiple TCP SYN packets directed at the same destination IP address.
• High volume of SYN packets with very little variance in time: This pattern is indicative of a SYN flood attack, a type of Denial of Service (DoS) attack where numerous SYN requests are sent to overwhelm the target system.
• SYN packets acknowledged from several source IP addresses: This can be indicative of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack where multiple compromised hosts (botnet) are used to generate traffic.
• These characteristics suggest that the network is under a SYN flood or DDoS attack, aiming to exhaust the target's resources and disrupt service availability.

References

• Understanding SYN Flood Attacks
• Analysis of DDoS Attack Patterns
• Wireshark Analysis Techniques for Intrusion Detection

 Vulnerability management is a proactive approach to securing systems by identifying and fixing vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by attackers. It involves scanning systems for known weaknesses, prioritizing and assessing the risks of those vulnerabilities, and applying patches or other remediation measures to mitigate them. Vulnerability management helps reduce the attack surface and prevent potential breaches. References := Understanding Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals (CBROPS) - Cisco, page 11.