ISTQB-CTAL-TA Exam Dumps - ISTQB Advance Level Questions and Answers

The usability technique that can be applied in this situation is usability review, e.g., heuristic evaluation. Usability review is a technique that evaluates the usability of a system or component based on a set of criteria or guidelines, such as heuristics, standards, or checklists. Usability review can be performed without users, as it relies on the expertise and judgment of the reviewers. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 5.2.1, page 63.

The test set B is the best test set to explicitly test on single boundary value fully, using boundary value analysis. Boundary value analysis is a technique that tests the values at or near the boundaries of an input domain. The boundaries for this scenario are:

Salary less than €20 000

Number of children at least three and less than six

The test set B tests the boundary values of each boundary (€19 999, €20 000, three children, six children) and one value inside each boundary (€19 998, €20 001, four children). Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.2.2, page 35.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Defect-based techniquesuse the knowledge of defects that have occurred in the past to develop test cases that target similar types of issues.

Option Ccorrectly states that defect-based testing focuses on using known defect types as the basis for designing tests.

Option Ais incorrect because defect-based testing can be applied at various levels, not just the component level.

Option Bis incorrect since defect-based techniques do not necessarily guarantee more systematic coverage than black-box techniques.

Option Dis incorrect because defect-based testing focuses on detecting specific defect types rather than verifying requirements early.

Hence, the correct answer isC (In defect-based testing, the type of defect sought is used as the basis for test design).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Functional appropriateness testingis often done duringsystem testingbecause it evaluates whether the implemented functions meet user needs, but it can also be part ofintegration testingwhen assessing integrated components.

Functional correctness testingisnot limited to any specific test level. It can be performed duringunit, integration, system, or acceptance testingto verify the accuracy of functions.

Option Bis incorrect because functional completeness is not necessarily the last stage of testing.

Option Cis incorrect because functional appropriateness is mainly done during system testing, not before.

Option Dis incorrect because functional correctness is not restricted to system testing.

The correct answer isA (Functional appropriateness testing is usually undertaken during system testing; functional correctness testing can be conducted at any test level).

Seven test cases are needed to achieve the minimum acceptable level of coverage for this use case. A use case is a technique that describes the interactions between a system and its actors to achieve a specific goal. A use case consists of a basic scenario and alternative scenarios that describe the normal and exceptional flows of events. The minimum acceptable level of coverage for a use case is achieved when at least one test case covers each scenario and each error condition. The scenarios and error conditions for this use case are:

Basic scenario: single-sided to single-sided

Alternatives: single-sided to double-sided, copy of a set, copy using the automatic document feeder

Errors: no paper in paper tray, paper jam, out of staples

The number of test cases is equal to the number of scenarios and error conditions, which is 7. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.6.1, page 43.

The checklist item that would result in finding a defect for the user story is “Are the acceptance criteria defined and testable?”. The acceptance criteria are the conditions that a system or component must satisfy in order to be accepted by a user, customer, or other authorized entity. The acceptance criteria should be defined and testable for each user story, as they provide the basis for designing and executing test cases. The user story in this question does not have any acceptance criteria defined, which is a defect that needs to be addressed. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 2.4.1, page 25.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Boundary Value Analysis (BVA)focuses on values at the edges of equivalence partitions, including just inside and just outside the boundary.

Therevised boundariesare:

£500 and £749for the new 5.5% fee band

£750 and £999for the 4.5% fee band

Testing bothvalid and invalid boundariesis essential to ensure accurate fee calculations.

The correct test cases are:

£499 (just below the lower boundary)

£500 (at the lower boundary)

£749 (at the upper boundary of the first band)

£750 (at the lower boundary of the second band)

£999 (at the upper boundary of the second band)

£1000 (just above the upper boundary)

Therefore, the correct answer isD (499, 500, 749, 750, 999, 1000).

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

A (Exploratory testing):Useful for investigating new areas, but not suitable for structured role-based testing.

B (Use Case testing):Correct. This technique focuses on how different user roles interact with the system, ensuring it meets their expectations and usability needs.

C (Pairwise testing):Efficient for combinations of input values, but irrelevant to role-based UI testing.

D (Boundary Value Analysis):Focuses on numeric boundaries, not applicable for role-specific usability.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (Use Case testing).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Functional correctnessensures that the software performs its intended functions accurately and without errors.

Sincecomputational accuracyis the main risk, testing must focus on verifying that calculations and data processing are performed correctly.

Functional completeness (A)focuses on whether all required functions are implemented.

Functional appropriateness (C)checks whether the functions meet user needs.

Installability (D)concerns the ease of installing the system, not accuracy.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (Functional correctness).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

The best practice for accessibility testing is toconsider accessibility from the design stage onwards. By incorporating accessibility testing early, potential issues are detected and resolved during integration, rather than waiting for the full system to be completed.

Option Ais impractical as it assumes that having visually impaired people in the development team will automatically ensure accessible design.

Option Bsuggests a late-stage testing approach, which is less efficient.

Option Dis not aligned with the primary focus on visual disabilities.

Option Cis correct because addressing accessibility from the integration level onwards helps ensure that accessibility features are built into the system from the start.