H12-725_V4.0 Exam Dumps - Huawei Certification Questions and Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Hot standby networkingensureshigh availabilityby keeping a backup firewall ready in case of failure.

Two main modes exist:

Active/Standby Mode→ One firewall is active, and the other remains standby. Configuration is synchronized fromactive → standby.

Load-Sharing Mode→ Both firewallsprocess traffic simultaneously, improving performance.

Why is A false?

InLoad-Sharing Mode, both firewalls are active, butconfiguration synchronization does not cause conflicts. Instead, the firewalls synchronize states properly.

Why is D false?

InLoad-Sharing Mode, configuration is always synchronizedfrom the active firewall to the standby firewall, not the other way around.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Hot Standby Configuration

Huawei USG Firewalls High Availability Guide

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

1️⃣Understanding HWTACACS:

HWTACACS (Huawei Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System)is aHuawei-proprietaryAAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocol.

It isbased on the TACACS+ protocolbut optimized for Huawei devices.

Why the Statement is False?

The statement contains atechnical inaccuracyabout thetransport protocolused by HWTACACS.

Incorrect:"It uses UDP for transmission."

Correct:HWTACACS uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), not UDP.

TACACS+ and HWTACACS both use TCP (port 49) for reliable communication.

Key Features of HWTACACS:

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Why TCP is Used Instead of UDP?

TCP ensures reliable deliveryof AAA messages.

UnlikeRADIUS (which uses UDP), HWTACACS does not suffer from packet loss issuessince TCP provides retransmission and flow control.

Where is HWTACACS Used?

Device Login Authentication→ Securely managesnetwork administrators accessing Huawei routers, switches, and firewalls.

Authorization Control→ Grants specific command-level privileges to users.

Accounting→ Logs command execution for auditing purposes.

Understanding the Differences Between HWTACACS and RADIUS:

HWTACACS(Huawei Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System) is aHuawei-enhanced version of TACACS+used forAAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting).

RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service)is also an AAA protocol but is mainly designed fornetwork access authentication, such asVPNs and wireless authentication.

Why is Option B Correct?

HWTACACS supports per-command authorization, meaning administrators canassign different command privileges to different users.

For example, ajunior network engineer may be allowed to view configurations but not modify them, while asenior engineer has full access.

RADIUS does not support granular command authorization, as it primarily controlsnetwork accessrather than device management.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

IKE (Internet Key Exchange) proposalincludes:

Encryption algorithm→ Ensures data confidentiality.

Authentication algorithm→ Verifies the identity of peers.

Encapsulation mode→ Defines whether IPsec operates intunnel mode or transport mode.

Why is C the correct answer?

Negotiation mode is not part of the IKE proposal; it is configured separately in the IKE policy.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → IKE Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Virtual system resource allocation can bemanual or shared.

Manual allocationrequires configuring aresource class, defining aquota, and binding it to a virtual system.

Why is D false?

Quota-based resources are not automatically allocated.

An administrator must defineresource quotas.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Virtual System Resource Allocation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

ATIC (Advanced Threat Intelligence Center) systemconsists of:

SecoManager (Management Center)→ Manages security policies.

Detection devices→ Analyze traffic for threats.

Cleaning devices→ Mitigate attacks.

Why is B false?

ATIC architecture does not include a "collector and controller" structure.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → ATIC System Architecture

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HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide→ Bandwidth Management & Traffic Control Policies

Huawei QoS Configuration Guide→ Traffic Classification, Policing, and Queue Scheduling

1️⃣Step 1: Traffic Classification and Bandwidth Policy Matching

The firewallfirst classifies trafficusing predefined bandwidth policies.

These policies match traffic based on criteria such assource/destination IP, application type, and protocol.

This step ensures that each type of traffic is categorized correctly before applying bandwidth restrictions.

2️⃣Step 2: Traffic Processing Based on Bandwidth Policies

Once traffic is classified,the firewall enforces bandwidth limits and security actions:

Traffic exceeding the assigned bandwidth is discarded or throttled.

Service connection limits are enforced to prevent excessive connections per user or application.

3️⃣Step 3: Queue Scheduling and Priority Handling

If trafficexceeds the available bandwidth, the firewallprioritizes high-priority trafficusing queue scheduling mechanisms.

Techniques likeWeighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) and Priority Queuing (PQ)ensure thatcritical traffic (e.g., VoIP, business applications) is prioritized over less important traffic (e.g., downloads, streaming).

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

VLAN authorization in Portal authentication requires additional configuration.

To assign VLANs dynamically:

RADIUSmust return VLAN attributesafter authentication.

TheWAC (Wireless Access Controller) must be configured to support dynamic VLAN assignment.

Why is this statement false?

VLAN authorization requires RADIUS attributes and WAC configuration—it is not automatic.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → WLAN & Portal Authentication

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SSL VPN remote access process includes:

User login→ User enters credentials on the virtual gateway.

User authentication→ Credentials are verified via RADIUS, LDAP, or local authentication.

Resource access→ The authenticated user accesses intranet resources.

Why is C incorrect?

SSL VPN does not perform "Access accounting"(which is used in RADIUS-based AAA systems).

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SSL VPN Authentication Process

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Inbound bandwidth= Trafficenteringthe firewall.

Outbound bandwidth= Trafficleavingthe firewall.

Correct answers:B. Public → Private traffic is controlled by inbound bandwidth.D. Private → Public traffic is controlled by outbound bandwidth.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall Virtual System Bandwidth Control