GRCA Exam Dumps - OCEG GRC Certification Questions and Answers

Inspecting the use of a RACI template in the field to see how it is being used is classified as a substantive test. This test involves examining actual instances of the RACI template's application to verify its proper use in practice. It goes beyond evaluating the design of the control (the template itself) and looks at the real-world implementation and effectiveness, providing evidence on how the control operates in practice.

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AICPA Auditing Standards

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

Follow-up on the implementation status of the recommendation from within the area being assessed is known as Follow-Up by Process Owner. This approach involves the individuals responsible for the area under assessment reviewing the progress of implementing recommendations and controls. It ensures that those directly involved in the process take ownership and accountability for addressing the identified issues.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

A written report by an assurance professional is most likely to be the most objective source of evidence. Assurance professionals are trained to conduct evaluations impartially, following standardized methodologies and best practices. Their reports are based on documented evidence and systematic analysis, ensuring a high level of objectivity and reliability compared to vocalized statements or reports by process owners, who may have biases or conflicts of interest.References:

IIA Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

Management is defined as "internally directing, controlling and evaluating an entity, process or resource." Management involves overseeing the day-to-day operations of an organization, making decisions, setting policies, and ensuring that the organization's resources are used effectively to achieve its goals. This function includes planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational activities to meet established objectives.References:

ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems – Requirements

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

When performing an assessment, it is important to remain flexible and adjust the execution plan as new information is uncovered. This adaptive approach ensures that the assessment remains relevant and effective in identifying issues and areas for improvement. Rigidly adhering to theoriginal plan, regardless of new findings, can result in missed opportunities to address critical risks and controls. Adjusting procedures as appropriate based on new information enhances the overall quality and effectiveness of the assessment.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

Compliance is most associated with a "measure of how well we are meeting obligations." Compliance involves adhering to laws, regulations, policies, and standards that apply to an organization. It ensures that the organization is fulfilling its legal, regulatory, and ethical obligations, thereby avoiding penalties, legal issues, and reputational damage. Compliance programs include policies, procedures, training, monitoring, and audits to ensure that all obligations are consistently met.References:

ISO 19600:2014 - Compliance management systems - Guidelines

NIST SP 800-37 Rev. 2 - Risk Management Framework for Information Systems and Organizations

A NEGATIVE assurance opinion or statement indicates that, based on the procedures performed and evidence obtained, the assurance provider did not identify any reasons to believe that the subject matter does not conform to the applicable criteria. This form of opinion does not provide absolute assurance but rather limited assurance, suggesting that nothing came to the auditor's attention that causes them to believe the subject matter is not fairly stated.References:

AICPA Auditing Standards

IIA Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

The level of assurance required for an assessment can vary depending on the purpose, scope, and objectives of the assessment. It is crucial to define the desired level of assurance (low, medium, or high) before beginning the assessment to ensure that the approach, methodology, and resources allocated are appropriate. This helps in setting clear expectations and aligning the assessment process with the organization's risk tolerance and regulatory requirements.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Enterprise Risk Management – Integrating with Strategy and Performance

The level of assurance risk targeted by an assessment should be driven by the assessment's purpose and parameters. Not all assessments require very low or zero assurance risk; some may appropriately target higher levels of assurance risk depending on the context and objectives. The purpose and scope of the assessment, as well as the risk tolerance of the organization, will dictate the acceptable level of assurance risk. This approach ensures that resources are allocated efficiently and that the assessment is tailored to the specific needs and risks of the organization.References:

ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management – Guidelines

COSO Enterprise Risk Management – Integrating with Strategy and Performance

To evaluate the operating effectiveness of controls, conducting control testing is essential. Control testing involves examining whether controls are operating as intended and are effective in mitigating risks. This type of testing assesses the design and implementation of controls to ensure they are functioning properly and achieving their intended purpose. Substantive testing, on the other hand, focuses on verifying the accuracy and validity of transactions and data, rather than the effectiveness of controls.References:

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management – Guidelines