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A DHCP server that receives a DHCPDISCOVER message may respond with a DHCPOFFER message on UDP port 68 (BootP client).

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In the event that the DHCP server is not on the local subnet, the DHCP server will send the DHCPOFFER, as a unicast packet, on UDP port 67, back to the DHCP/BootPRelay Agent from which the DHCPDISCOVER came.

If you configure the redistribution of OSPF into BGP without keywords, only OSPF intra-area

and inter-area routes are redistributed into BGP, by default. You can use the internal keyword

along with the redistribute command under router bgp to redistribute OSPF intra- and inter-area

routes.

Use the external keyword along with the redistribute command under router bgp to redistribute

OSPF external routes into BGP.

-> In order to redistribute all OSPF routes into BGP, we must use both internal and external

keywords. The full command would be (suppose we are using OSPF 1):

redistribute ospf 1 match internal external

Note: The configuration shows match internal external 1 external 2. This is normal because

OSPF automatically appends “external 1 external 2” in the configuration. In other words,

keyword external = external 1 external 2. External 1 = O E1 and External 2 = O E2.

SNMP notifications can be sent as traps or inform requests. Traps are unreliable because the receiver does not send acknowledgments when this device receives traps.”Send reliable and encrypted notifications for any events” so it is SNMP notifications. For encryption we need to configure “priv”.