CMMC-CCP Exam Dumps - Cyber AB CMMC Questions and Answers

In the context of a Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) Level 2 Assessment, specific practices must be evaluated to ensure compliance with established security requirements. One such practice is AC.L2-3.1.19, which mandates the encryption of Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) on mobile devices and mobile computing platforms.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

Requirement Overview:

Practice AC.L2-3.1.19 requires organizations to "Encrypt CUI on mobile devices and mobile computing platforms." This ensures that any CUI accessed, stored, or transmitted via mobile devices is protected through encryption, mitigating risks associated with data breaches or unauthorized access.

Assessment of Provided Evidence:

During the assessment, the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC) provided an inventory list encompassing servers, workstations, and network devices. Notably, this list lacks any mention of mobile devices or mobile computing platforms.

Implications of the Omission:

The absence of mobile devices in the inventory suggests that the OSC may not have accounted for all assets that process, store, or transmit CUI. Without a comprehensive inventory that includes mobile devices, it's challenging to verify whether the OSC has implemented the necessary encryption measures for CUI on these platforms.

Assessment Determination:

Given the incomplete inventory, the evidence is insufficient to make a definitive scoring determination for practice AC.L2-3.1.19. The OSC must provide a detailed inventory that encompasses all relevant devices, including mobile devices and computing platforms, to demonstrate compliance with the encryption requirements for CUI.

Who Verifies the Adequacy and Sufficiency of Evidence?In the CMMC assessment process, it is theAssessment Teamthat is responsible for verifying whether thepractices and related componentshave been met for each in-scopeHost Unit, Supporting Organization/Unit, or enclave.

TheCMMC Assessment Teamis composed of certified assessors and led by aCertified CMMC Assessor (CCA). Their primary role is to:

Review evidenceprovided by theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC).

Determine compliancewith required CMMC practices and processes.

Evaluate the sufficiencyof evidence to confirm that all required practices have been properly implemented.

Document and report findingsto the CMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB).

Breakdown of Answer ChoicesOption

Description

Correct?

A. OSC (Organization Seeking Certification)

The OSC provides documentation and evidence but doesnotverify its adequacy.

❌Incorrect

B. Assessment Team

✅Responsible for verifying the adequacy and sufficiency of evidence.

✅Correct

C. Authorizing Official

Typically refers to an official responsible for system accreditation underNIST RMF, not CMMC.

❌Incorrect

D. Assessment Official

Not a defined role in the CMMC framework.

❌Incorrect

TheCMMC Assessment Process Guide(CAP) outlines theAssessment Team'sresponsibility in verifying evidence.

TheCMMC Assessment Teamevaluates whether theorganization's cybersecurity practices meet CMMC requirements.

Official Reference from CMMC 2.0 DocumentationFinal Verification and ConclusionThe correct answer isB. Assessment Team, as per CMMC 2.0 documentation and official assessment processes.

TheU.S. Department of Defense (DoD)determines the requiredCMMC Levelbased on thesensitivity of the information involved in a contract.

The required CMMC Level isspecified in Requests for Information (RFIs) and Requests for Proposals (RFPs).

Understanding CMMC Asset CategorizationTheCMMC 2.0 Scoping Guidedefines how assets are categorized based on their involvement withFederal Contract Information (FCI)andControlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

In this scenario:

Thegovernment services divisioninteracts withfederal clientsandreceives FCI, making its assetsin-scopefor CMMC Level 1.

Thecommercial services divisioninteractsonly with non-federal clientsanddoes not handle FCI—this means its assets arenot subject to CMMC Level 1 requirementsand should be classified asOut-of-Scope Assets.

CMMC 2.0 Definition of Out-of-Scope AssetsAs per theCMMC Scoping Guide, assets that:

✅Do not store, process, or transmit FCI/CUI

✅Do not directly impact the security of in-scope assets

✅Are completely segregated from the FCI/CUI environment

are classified asOut-of-Scope Assets.

Since thecommercial services divisiononly processespublicly available information and has no interaction with FCI, its assets areout-of-scopefor CMMC Level 1 assessment.

A. FCI Assets❌Incorrect. FCI assets areonly those that store, process, or transmit FCI. The commercial services division doesnothandle FCI, so its assets donotqualify.

B. Specialized Assets❌Incorrect. Specialized assets refer toInternet of Things (IoT), Operational Technology (OT), and test equipment. These donot applyto a general commercial services division.

D. Operational Technology Assets❌Incorrect.Operational Technology (OT) Assetsinvolveindustrial control systems, SCADA, and manufacturing equipment—which are not relevant to this scenario.

Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect

CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide – Level 1 & Level 2

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document

CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option C (Out-of-Scope Assets) is the correct answerbased on official CMMC scoping guidance.

NIST SP 800-88 Rev. 1 is the authoritative guide for media sanitization. It defines three categories of data disposal: Clear, Purge, and Destroy.

Supporting Extracts from Official Content:

NIST SP 800-88 Rev. 1: “Media sanitization techniques are divided into three categories: Clear, Purge, and Destroy.”

Why Option A is Correct:

“Clear, Purge, Destroy” are the exact three categories named.

Redact and Overwrite are not categories; Overwriting is a technique that may fall under Clear.

References (Official CMMC v2.0 Content and Source Documents):

NIST SP 800-88 Rev. 1, Guidelines for Media Sanitization.

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Scoping Requirements in CMMC AssessmentsTheCMMC 2.0 Scoping GuideandCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Documentclearly define what should be included in the scope of an assessment.

The assessment scope must cover:

All assets that process, store, or transmit FCI/CUI

Security Protection Assets (ESP)– these assets help protect FCI/CUI, such as firewalls, endpoint detection systems, and encryption mechanisms.

Thus, thecorrect scope includes both:

✅FCI/CUI Assets(Data storage, processing, or transmission assets)

✅Security Protection Assets (ESP)(Firewalls, security tools, etc.)

A. All assets documented in the business plan❌Incorrect.Business plans may include assets unrelated to FCI/CUI, making this scopetoo broad. Only assets relevant to FCI/CUI should be assessed.

B. All assets regardless if they do or do not process, store, or transmit FCI/CUI❌Incorrect. CMMC doesnotrequire organizations to include assets thathave no connection to FCI/CUI.

C. All entities, regardless of the line of business, associated with the organization❌Incorrect.Only the assets relevant to FCI/CUI or security protection should be assessed. Unrelated business divisions (like a non-federal commercial division) areout-of-scope.

Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect

CMMC 2.0 Scoping Guide – Level 1 & Level 2

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document

CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option D (All assets processing, storing, or transmitting FCI/CUI and security protection assets) is the correct answeras per official CMMC assessment scoping requirements.

In the context of CMMC 2.0 assessments, thesufficiency criteriaare used to determine whether the assessment team has gathered enough evidence to support their conclusions about compliance with a given requirement.

Definition of Sufficiency Criteria:

Sufficiency refers to thequantityandcompletenessof the evidence collected during an assessment.

This ensures that the evidence collected isenough to support an objective and valid determinationof compliance.

Why Sufficiency Matters in CMMC 2.0:

Assessors must ensure that the amount of evidence collected isadequate to substantiate findingswithout doubt or gaps.

This prevents situations where an organization might claim compliance but lacks thenecessary documentation, technical evidence, or procedural validationto prove it.

Official CMMC 2.0 References:

TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guidedefines sufficiency as a key factor in validating assessment findings.

According toCMMC 2.0 Level 2 Scoping Guidance, assessors must apply sufficiency criteria when reviewingartifacts, documentation, interviews, and system configurations.

TheDoD CMMC Assessment Guide(aligned with NIST SP 800-171A) emphasizes that compliance decisions must besupported by a sufficient amount of verifiable evidence.

Comparison with Other Criteria:

Adequacy Criteria→ Focuses onqualityof the evidence, not the quantity.

Objectivity Criteria→ Ensures evidence isunbiased and impartial, not necessarily complete.

Subjectivity Criteria→ Not applicable in CMMC since assessments must beobjective and based on factual evidence.

Step-by-Step Breakdown:Conclusion:To verify compliance in CMMC 2.0 assessments, the assessment team must ensuresufficientevidence is available to support a determination. This makes"Sufficiency Criteria" (Option C)the correct answer.

Understanding Ethical Responsibility in the CMMC EcosystemEthics in theCMMC ecosystemis ashared responsibilitybetween theCMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB)and itsmembers. TheCMMC-AB Code of Professional Conductoutlines ethical obligations forassessors, consultants, and other ecosystem participantsto ensure integrity, fairness, and professionalism.

CMMC-AB ensures the accreditation process remains fair, unbiased, and ethical.

CMMC ecosystem members (assessors, consultants, and organizations) are responsible for upholding ethical practices in assessments and implementations.

Ethical violations can result indisciplinary actions, revocation of certification, or legal consequences.

Key Ethical Responsibilities Include:

A. DoD and CMMC-AB → Incorrect

TheDoD oversees CMMC implementation, butit is not responsible for the ethical conduct of CMMC assessments.

B. OSC and Sponsors → Incorrect

TheOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)is responsible for compliance but doesnot oversee ethics in the CMMC ecosystem.

C. CMMC-AB and Members of the CMMC Ecosystem → Correct

Ethics is explicitly stated as ajoint responsibility of the CMMC-AB and its ecosystem membersin official CMMC guidance.

D. Members of the CMMC Ecosystem and Lead Assessors → Incorrect

Lead Assessors are part of theCMMC ecosystem, butCMMC-AB is the governing body responsible for ethical oversight.

Why is the Correct Answer "CMMC-AB and Members of the CMMC Ecosystem" (C)?

CMMC-AB Code of Professional Conduct

Defines ethical responsibilities forassessors, consultants, and ecosystem members.

CMMC Ecosystem Governance Policies

Ethics isjointly managed by CMMC-AB and its accredited ecosystem members.

CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document

Outlines ethical expectations forassessors and consultantsduring certification assessments.

CMMC 2.0 References Supporting this Answer:

Final Interpretation Authority in the CMMC Assessment ProcessDuring aCMMC Level 2 assessment, several entities are involved in the process, including theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC), Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO), Assessment Team Members, and the CMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB).

Role of the C3PAO and Assessment Team:

TheCertified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO)is responsible for conducting the assessment and makinginitial recommended findingsbased on NIST SP 800-171 security requirements.

Assessment Team Members(Lead Assessor and support staff) conduct evaluations and submit theirrecommendationsto the C3PAO.

Final Interpretation Authority – CMMC-AB:

TheCMMC Accreditation Body (CMMC-AB)is responsible for ensuring consistency and accuracy in assessments.

If there is any dispute or need for clarification regarding findings, CMMC-AB provides the final interpretation and guidance.

This ensures uniformity in certification decisions across different C3PAOs.

Why CMMC-AB is the Correct Answer:

CMMC-AB has the ultimate authority over thequality assurance processfor assessments.

It reviewsremediation requests, challenges, or disputesfrom the OSC or C3PAO and makes final determinations.

The CMMC-AB maintains oversight to ensure assessmentsalign with CMMC 2.0 policies and DFARS 252.204-7021 requirements.

A. C3PAO– The C3PAO conducts the assessment and submits findings, butit does not have the final interpretation authority. Findings must pass through theCMMC-AB quality assurance process.

C. OSC Sponsor– The OSC (Organization Seeking Certification)cannot interpret findings; they can only respond to identified deficiencies and appeal assessments through CMMC-AB channels.

D. Assessment Team Members– The assessment teamrecommends findingsbut does not make final interpretations. Their role is limited to conducting evaluations, collecting evidence, and submitting reports to the C3PAO.

Understanding Asset Categorization in CMMC 2.0InCMMC 2.0, assets are categorized into different types based on their function, connectivity, and whether they process, store, or transmitFederal Contract Information (FCI) or Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

TheCMMC 2.0 Scoping GuidedefinesSpecialized Assetsas assetsthat do not fit traditional IT classificationsbut still exist within the organizational environment.

Asmart thermostatis anInternet of Things (IoT) device, which falls underSpecialized Assetsas defined in CMMC.

A. FCI Asset (Incorrect)

FCI Assets process, store, or transmit Federal Contract Information, which asmart thermostat does not.

B. CUI Asset (Incorrect)

CUI Assets handle Controlled Unclassified Information, and athermostat does not process CUI.

C. In-scope Asset (Incorrect)

In-scope Assets include FCI and CUI assets, which asmart thermostat does not qualify as.

The correct answer isD. Specialized Asset, as asmart thermostat is an IoT device, which falls into theSpecialized Assetcategory.