CLO-002 Exam Dumps - CompTIA Cloud Essentials Questions and Answers

Spot instances are cloud resources that are available at a lower price than on-demand instances, but can be terminated by the cloud provider at any time based on supply and demand. Therefore, the application that will run on these instances needs to handle unpredictable instance termination, such as by saving state information, implementing fault tolerance, or using checkpoints12.

The other options are not directly related to the use of spot instances. The application may or may not need to store data in a database, depending on its functionality and design. There is no inherent restriction for distributed network communications when using spot instances, as long as the application can handle network latency and bandwidth issues. Resource-intensive compute loads are not forbidden, but they may increase the likelihood of instance termination, as the cloud provider may reclaim the resources for higher-paying customers.

References:

• [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments, Section 2.4: Cloud Service Costing, p. 81-82
• [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], Chapter 6: Optimizing the Cloud Environment, Section 6.3: Cloud Optimization Techniques, p. 287-288
• [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide], ISBN: 978-1-119-64768-9, Publisher: Wiley
• [CompTIA Cloud+ CV0-003 Study Guide], ISBN: 978-1-119-64767-2, Publisher: Wiley

 SaaS, or software as a service, is a cloud computing model that provides on-demand access to ready-to-use, cloud-hosted application software. SaaS customers do not need to install, configure, manage, or maintain any hardware or software infrastructure to use the applications. The cloud service provider is responsible for all the technical aspects of the service, such as hosting, security, performance, availability, updates, and backups. SaaS customers only need an internet connection and a web browser or a mobile app to access the applications. SaaS provides the smallest amount of technical overhead for customers, as they do not have to deal with any of the underlying infrastructure or platform components. SaaS customers can focus on using the applications for their business needs, without worrying about the technical details.

Some examples of SaaS applications are Gmail, Google Docs, Salesforce, Slack, and Zoom .

References:

• : IaaS vs. PaaS vs. SaaS | IBM
• : Cloud Service Models Explained: SaaS, IaaS, PaaS, FaaS - Jelvix

Cloud data availability is the process of ensuring that data is accessible to end users and applications, when and where they need it. It defines the degree or extent to which data is readily usable along with the necessary IT and management procedures, tools and technologies required to enable, manage and continue to make data available1. Cloud data availability is influenced by several aspects, such as:

• Zones: Zones are logical or physical partitions of a cloud region that have independent power, cooling, and networking infrastructure. They are designed to isolate failures within a region and provide high availability and fault tolerance for cloud services and data. For example, Google Cloud2 and Azure3 offer availability zones that allow users to distribute their resources and data across multiple zones within a region, ensuring that if one zone experiences an outage, the other zones can continue to function and serve the data.
• Geo-redundancy: Geo-redundancy is the practice of replicating or storing data across multiple geographic locations or regions. It is intended to improve data availability and durability by protecting data from regional disasters, network failures, or malicious attacks. For example, Google Cloud2 and Azure3 offer geo-redundant storage options that allow users to store their data in two or more regions, ensuring that if one region becomes unavailable, the data can be accessed from another region.

Resource tagging is the practice of assigning metadata or labels to cloud resources, such as instances, volumes, or buckets. It is used to organize, manage, and monitor cloud resources and data, but it does not directly affect data availability.

Data sovereignty is the concept that data is subject to the laws and regulations of the country or region where it is stored or processed. It is a legal and compliance issue that affects data security, privacy, and governance, but it does not directly affect data availability.

Locality is the concept that data is stored or processed close to the source or destination of the data. It is used to optimize data performance, latency, and bandwidth, but it does not directly affect data availability.

Auto-scaling is the practice of automatically adjusting the amount or type of cloud resources, such as instances, nodes, or pods, based on the demand or load of the data. It is used to optimize data efficiency, scalability, and reliability, but it does not directly affect data availability. References:

• Cloud Storage | Google Cloud
• Data Availability: Ensuring Continued Functioning of Business Ops
• What are Azure availability zones? | Microsoft Learn
• What is Data Availability? - Definition from Techopedia

An identity and access control management policy is a document that defines the roles, responsibilities, and rules for managing the identities and access rights of users in an organization1. It specifies how users are authenticated, authorized, and audited when they access the organization’s resources, such as systems, applications, data, and networks1. An identity and access control management policy also describes the processes and procedures for creating, modifying, suspending, and deleting user accounts and privileges, as well as the standards and guidelines for selecting and managing passwords, tokens, certificates, and other authentication factors1. An identity and access control management policy can help the systems administrator understand the user privileges for each role in the company, as it defines the access levels and permissions that are granted to different types of users, such as employees, contractors, vendors, partners, and customers1. The policy also outlines the criteria and conditions for granting, changing, or revoking access rights, based on the principle of least privilege and the need-to-know basis1. By following the identity and access control management policy, the systems administrator can ensure that the new user for the human resources department has the appropriate and secure access to the resources that are relevant to their job function and responsibilities1. References: 1: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 3: Cloud Planning, Section 3.2: Cloud Adoption, Subsection 3.2.1: Identity and Access Management

 Availability is the degree to which a system or service is accessible and functional when required. Availability can be measured by metrics such as uptime, downtime, and service level agreements (SLAs). Availability can be improved by implementing replication, redundancy, and disaster recovery strategies in the cloud. Replication is the process of creating and maintaining multiple copies of data or resources across different locations or regions. Redundancy is the provision of extra or backup components or systems to prevent or mitigate failures. Disaster recovery is the ability to restore normal operations after a disruptive event, such as a natural disaster, a cyberattack, or a human error. By implementing these strategies, cloud users can ensure that their data and services are always accessible and resilient to failures or disasters. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, page 103-104; CompTIA Cloud+ (Plus) Certification

Sandboxing is a testing technique that provides the best isolation for security threats. Sandboxing is a technique that creates a virtual environment that mimics the real system or application, but isolates it from the rest of the network. Sandboxing allows testers to run potentially malicious code or inputs without affecting the actual system or application, or exposing it to external attacks. Sandboxing can help testers to identify and analyze security threats, such as malware, ransomware, or zero-day exploits, without risking the integrity or availability of the real system or application. Sandboxing can also help testers to evaluate the effectiveness of security controls, such as antivirus, firewall, or encryption, in preventing or mitigating security threats. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 3: Cloud Service Operations, Section 3.5: Testing and Development in the Cloud, Page 125. What is Sandboxing? Definition, Types, Benefits, and Best Practices - Spiceworks1

 Right-sizing is the process of adjusting the resources allocated to a system to match its actual needs and avoid paying for unused capacity. Right-sizing can be done manually or automatically, and it can involve increasing or decreasing the resources as needed. Right-sizing is one of the benefits of cloud computing, as it allows for more efficient and cost-effective use of resources. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ (CLO-002) Study Guide, Chapter 2: Cloud Computing Concepts, Section 2.2: Cloud Service Models, page 3812

Learn more:

1. comptia.org2. comptia.org3. globalknowledge.com4. partners.comptia.org

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Variable cost is a billing concept that means the customer pays only for the resources they consume, and the cost varies depending on the usage. This is different from fixed cost, which means the customer pays a predetermined amount regardless of the usage. IaaS-based setups typically use variable cost billing, as the customer can provision and deprovision resources on demand, and only pay for what they use. This allows the customer to optimize their costs and scale their resources according to their needs123. References: [CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002)], Chapter 1: Cloud Principles and Design, pages 17-18.

 A feasibility assessment is a process of evaluating the viability and suitability of moving an on-premises application to the cloud. A feasibility assessment can help identify the benefits, risks, costs, and challenges of cloud migration, as well as the technical and business requirements, constraints, and dependencies of the application. A feasibility assessment can also help compare different cloud service models, deployment models, and providers, and recommend the best option for the application. A feasibility assessment would be the best way to review the options for moving a business-critical application to the cloud.

A gap analysis is a process of identifying the differences between the current and desired state of a system or process. A gap analysis can help determine the gaps in performance, functionality, security, or compliance of an on-premises application and a cloud-based application, and suggest the actions needed to close the gaps. A gap analysis is usually performed after a feasibility assessment, when the cloud migration option has been selected, and before the transition planning phase.

A test is a process of verifying the functionality, performance, security, or compatibility of an application or system. A test can help detect and resolve any errors, bugs, or issues in the application or system, and ensure that it meets the expected standards and specifications. A test can be performed in a sandbox environment, which is an isolated and controlled environment that mimics the real production environment. A test is usually performed during or after the cloud migration process, when the application has been deployed or migrated to the cloud, and before the final release or launch.

A high-level architecture is a conceptual or logical design of an application or system that shows the main components, functions, relationships, and interactions of the application or system. A high-level architecture can help visualize and communicate the structure, behavior, and goals of the application or system, and guide the development and implementation process. A high-level architecture is usually created during the design phase of the cloud migration process, after the feasibility assessment and the gap analysis, and before the development and testing phase. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, page 109-110, 113-114, 117-118, 121-122; CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Training, CertMaster Learn for Cloud Essentials+, Module 3: Cloud Solutions, Lesson 3.2: Cloud Migration, Topic 3.2.1: Cloud Migration Process

A proof of concept (PoC) is a way to demonstrate that a new cloud feature is feasible and works as intended. A PoC is usually limited to the technical requirements of the feature and does not involve the user interface or user feedback. A PoC is used to show the customer the working result of the new cloud feature and to convince them to adopt the solution12. A PoC is different from a benchmark, which is a measure of the performance or quality of a system or product. A PoC is also different from a baseline, which is a reference point or standard for comparison. A PoC is also different from a feasibility study, which is an analysis of the viability and benefits of a project or idea3. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (Exam CLO-002), Chapter 5: Cloud Service Selection, pages 133-134.