712-50 Exam Dumps - ECCouncil CCISO Questions and Answers

Definition of Security Controls:

Security controls are countermeasures or safeguards implemented to minimize risks to physical property, information, and computing systems.

They are categorized as physical, technical, or administrative controls.

Purpose and Functionality:

Ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of systems and data.

Examples include access controls, firewalls, encryption, and security training.

Why Not Other Options:

Security frameworks: Provide high-level guidelines for structuring security programs.

Security policies: Define organizational rules and expectations but are not actionable countermeasures.

Security awareness: Focuses on educating individuals, not implementing direct countermeasures.

Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is the most common technology used for visual monitoring. It is widely employed in security systems for surveillance in both private and public settings. CCTV systems transmit video signals to specific monitors for observation and recording, making them "closed" in nature, as opposed to open systems accessible to a broader audience. Options like "Open circuit television" or "Blocked video" are incorrect as they do not refer to standard technologies.

The ISO 27001/2 framework is industry- and sector-neutral, making it ideal for organizations without an established security framework.

Framework Overview:

ISO 27001/2: Globally recognized for establishing an Information Security Management System (ISMS).

Flexible and adaptable across industries, ensuring relevance to varied organizational needs.

Why Other Frameworks Are Less Suitable:

NIST SP 800-53: Comprehensive but U.S.-centric, primarily focused on federal systems.

PCI DSS: Industry-specific, tailored for payment card security.

BS 7799: Precursor to ISO 27001, largely superseded.

Benefits of ISO 27001/2:

Offers a structured approach to managing sensitive information.

Provides globally accepted best practices for implementation.

Control Frameworks: Recommends ISO 27001/2 for organizations seeking an adaptable, globally accepted approach.

Strategic Security Planning: Highlights the benefits of sector-neutral frameworks for establishing comprehensive security programs.

EC-Council CISO References:

Scenario2

Capital expenditures (CAPEX) involve investments in long-term assets, such as buildings or equipment, and their cost is depreciated over time. In contrast, Operating expenditures (OPEX) pertain to short-term, day-to-day expenses like salaries and utilities, which are immediately expensed in the financial period they are incurred. Options A and B are incorrect as they misstate the characteristics of CAPEX and OPEX.

Extracting information from affected systems without altering original data occurs during the investigation phase, which focuses on evidence collection and analysis.

Purpose of Investigation Phase:

Collect forensic data from affected systems.

Ensure data integrity by using tools and processes that prevent changes to the original state.

Key Activities:

Create forensic images of systems and devices.

Use write-protected tools to analyze data.

Other Phases:

Response: Focuses on containment.

Recovery: Restores normal operations.

Follow-up: Implements lessons learned.

Forensic Investigation Guidelines: Highlights methods to extract and analyze data without altering the original.

Incident Response Best Practices: Emphasizes thorough investigation for actionable insights.

EC-Council CISO References:

Scenario4

The next step after identifying potential solutions is to verify that the cost of mitigation is less than the risk. This ensures that mitigation strategies are cost-effective and align with the organization's risk appetite.

Cost-Risk Analysis:

Assess the financial and operational impact of proposed controls.

Ensure the cost of implementing controls is justified by the reduction in risk.

Sequence of Actions:

Only after verifying cost-effectiveness should the board of directors or vendors be engaged.

Risk metrics and vendor screening are subsequent activities based on selected solutions.

Risk-Based Decision Making:

Decisions prioritize solutions that provide optimal security without exceeding the value of the protected asset.

Cost-Benefit Analysis in Risk Management: Emphasizes evaluating cost-effectiveness as a critical step in risk mitigation.

Strategic Risk Reduction: Aligns mitigation efforts with organizational risk tolerances.

Revenue refers to the total income generated by the sale of goods or services related to a company’s primary operations. It represents the "top line" or gross income figure from which costs are subtracted to determine net income. Unlike options A, B, and C, which incorrectly relate to financial liabilities, profit-making potential, or asset valuation, revenue is specifically about the economic benefits derived during business operations as per established accounting principles.

Assessing the security portfolio ensures alignment with the broader organizational goals and objectives. By regularly evaluating the portfolio, organizations can identify gaps, redundancies, and areas needing improvement, ensuring resources are allocated effectively. While executive support (B), discovering new technologies (C), and 3rd-party reviews (D) are beneficial, the primary goal of portfolio assessments is to align security efforts with organizational needs.

 Managing Insider Risk

Background checks help identify potential risks posed by individuals before granting access to sensitive information. This proactive measure reduces the likelihood of insider threats.

 Other Risk Management Techniques

While awareness programs, monitoring browsing habits, and firewall configurations are important, they address risks after an individual has been granted access, not before.

 EC-Council References

EC-Council highlights pre-employment screenings as a critical step in minimizing risk related to human factors.