702-100 Exam Dumps - LPI Certification Questions and Answers

The ports collection on FreeBSD is a package management system that allows users to install third-party software from source or binary packages. The ports collection is stored in the /usr/ports/ directory, which contains subdirectories for different categories of software, such as archivers, databases, editors, etc. Each subdirectory contains one or more ports, which are directories that contain the files needed to build and install the software. The /usr/ports/ directory can be updated with the portsnap command34

Binary packages are pre-compiled versions of the ports that can be installed with the pkg command. Binary packages are downloaded from the FreeBSD package repository,which is hosted at pkg.freebsd.org. The packages are installed in the /usr/local/ directory by default, and the information about the installed packages is stored in the /usr/local/pkg/ directory. The /usr/local/pkg/ directory contains files with the .db extension, which are SQLite databases that store the metadata of the packages. The pkg command can query and manipulate these databases56 References: 3: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/ports/  4: https://www.freebsd.org/ports/  5: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/pkgng-intro/  6: https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg &sektion=8

The name of the NetBSD installation program is sysinst. It is the standard installer used by NetBSD for setting up the system on a new machine. The sysinst program guides users through the installation process, including disk partitioning, package selection, and system configuration45.

References:

• NetBSD Guide - Example installation
• NetBSD Guide - Installing NetBSD: Preliminary considerations and preparations

In FreeBSD, theunamecommand is used to display system information. The option-vspecifically displays the version of the running operating system. This information is critical for system administrators and users who need to know the exact version of the OS they are working with, particularly when troubleshooting, updating, or configuring the system for specific software requirements.

https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uname &sektion=1&format=html

The -v or --version option of the uname command displays the version level of the operating system. This is a string that identifies the release date and patch level of the system. For example, on FreeBSD, the output would be something like:

FreeBSD 13.0-RELEASE-p4 #0: Tue Aug 24 07:12:34 UTC 2021

This indicates that the system is running FreeBSD 13.0, with the fourth patch applied, and that the kernel was built on August 24, 2021. The version level can be useful to determine the compatibility and security of the system, as well as to report bugs or issues.

The command locate.updatedb updates the database used by locate to find files. The locate command searches for files by name in a pre-built database of files and directories. The database is usually updated periodically by a cron job, but the locate.updatedb command can be used to manually update it. The command may require root privileges to run, depending on the system configuration. References:

• BSD Specialist Exam 702 Objectives, Topic 715: Basic Unix Skills, 715.4 Searching and Extracting Data from Files
• FreeBSD Handbook, Chapter 7: Finding and Installing Software, 7.2.3 Using locate(1) to Find Files Quickly