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The Advanced Planning flag is a field that indicates whether a data object is relevant for planning with Production Planning and Detailed Scheduling (PP/DS) in SAP S/4HANA. PP/DS is a component of Advanced Planning that provides more precise and flexible planning capabilities for critical products and resources. You can set the Advanced Planning flag for the following data objects:

• Work Center: This is a master data object that represents a location where operations are performed. A work center can have different capacities, such as machine, labor, or power, that are used for scheduling and capacity planning. You can set the Advanced Planning flag for a work center to enable it for PP/DS planning. This means that the work center can be used as a resource in PP/DS and its capacity can be optimized by PP/DS heuristics or optimization tools.
• Material: This is a master data object that represents a product or a component that is produced, procured, or consumed in a business process. A material can have different views, such as basic data, MRP, sales, or production, that contain different attributes and parameters for planning and execution. You can set the Advanced Planning flag for a material to enable it for PP/DS planning. This means that the material can be planned with exact times and quantities in PP/DS and its availability can be checked by PP/DS pegging.

The production version (B) and the plant (D) are not data objects that can have the Advanced Planning flag. The production version is a master data object that defines the combination of a bill of material (BOM) and a routing or a production process model (PPM) for a material. The production version does not have a separate flag for PP/DS, but it inherits the flag from the material and the work center. The plant is an organizational unit that represents a physical location where materials are produced or stored. The plant does not have a flag for PP/DS, but it is assigned to a location in PP/DS that represents the geographical or logical grouping of plants for planning purposes. References:https://blogs.sap.com/2018/02/12/ppds-for-sap-s4hana-advanced-planning-a-powerful-planning-and-scheduling-tool/

https://learning.sap.com/learning-journeys/explore-integrated-business-processes-in-sap-s-4hana-/advanced-planning_ae824eb6-4bf8-4720-a48f-ba86929a14de

 If the operation of a production order is dispatched, the DSPT Dispatched status is set for the operation. This means that the operation has been assigned to a resource and scheduled with a start and end date and time. The options to reschedule the operation are as follows:

• You can reschedule the operation using finite scheduling in a planning table. Finite scheduling considers the capacity availability of the resources and the dependencies between the operations. You can use the planning table to manually drag and drop the operation to a different time slot or resource, or use the automatic dispatching function to optimize the scheduling of the operation. Finite scheduling updates the DSPT status and the dates and times of the operation.
• You can reschedule the operation in the Manage Production Operations app. This app allows you to view and edit the production orders and operations in SAP S/4HANA. You can change the start and end date and time of the operation, as well as the resource, in the app. However, the app does not check the capacity availability of the resources or the dependencies between the operations. Therefore, you need to ensure that the changes are feasible and consistent. The app updates the DSPT status and the dates and times of the operation. References: Identifying the Basic Principles and Tools of Capacity Planning; SAP Help Portal

The system checks the master data selection settings during the creation of planned orders and production orders in the following places:

• In the bill of material (BOM), the system checks the selection ID, which determines which alternative BOM is selected for the material. The selection ID can be maintained in the material master or in the production version.
• In the routing, the system checks the selection ID, which determines which alternative routing is selected for the material. The selection ID can be maintained in the material master or in the production version.
• In the production version, the system checks the validity period, the lot size, and the selection profile, which determine whether the production version is valid and applicable for the material. The production version combines the BOM and the routing for a material and can be maintained in the material master or in the production version master data. References: SAP S/4HANA Manufacturing for Planning & Scheduling - Implementation Guide, page 16; [SAP S/4HANA Production Planning and Manufacturing Certification Guide], page 75.

The difference between co-products and by-products is mainly in how they are accounted for in the production process. Co-products are products that have a relatively high salesvalue and are produced simultaneously from the same production process. By-products are products that have a relatively low sales value and are produced as a side effect of the main product. The following points explain the difference between them:

• Only co-products are identified by a special item category in the bill of material (BOM). This item category is L (Co-product) and it indicates that the component is a co-product that shares the joint costs of the production process with the main product and other co-products. By-products do not have a special item category in the BOM. They are usually entered with a negative quantity and a negative item category, such as N (By-product)12.
• Only co-products can be manufactured in isolation from the main product. This means that co-products can be produced independently from the main product if there is a demand for them. By-products cannot be manufactured in isolation from the main product. They are always produced as a result of the main product3 .
• Only co-products have a zero inventory valuation. This means that co-products do not have a price in the material master and their inventory value is calculated based on the apportionment of the joint costs of the production process. By-products have a fixed inventory valuation based on the price specified by the price control in the material master. Their inventory value does not depend on the production process12.
• Only co-products appear in the process or production order settlement rule. This means that co-products are settled to different receivers, such as sales orders, cost centers, or profitability segments, based on the apportionment structure defined in the material master of the leading co-product. By-products do not appear in the settlement rule. They are credited to the production order and reduce the total costs of the process12.

References:

• 1: SAP Help Portal: Co- and By-Products
• 2: SAP S/4HANA Production Planning and Manufacturing Certification Guide, Chapter 8: Product Compliance
• 3: SAP Co-Products and By-Products Tutorial - Free SAP PP Training - ERProof3
• : Co-Product and By-product in Production order | SAP Blogs2