Last Attempt CLA-11-03 Questions

The program outputs 3 because the expression p[2] - p[-1] evaluates to 3 using the pointer arithmetic rules in C. The pointer t points to the first element of the string literal "abcdefgh", which is stored in a read-only memory location. The pointer p is initialized to t + 2, which means it points to the third element of the string, which is 'c'. Then, p is incremented twice, so it points to the fifth ele-ment of the string, which is 'e'. The subscript operator [] is equivalent to adding an offset to the pointer and dereferencing it, so p[2] is the same as *(p + 2), which is 'g', and p[-1] is the same as *(p - 1), which is 'd'. The printf function then prints the difference between the ASCII values of 'g' and 'd', which is 103 - 100 = 3, as a decimal integer using the %d format specifier.

References = CLA – C Certified Associate Programmer Certification, C Essentials 2 - (Intermediate), C Pointers, C Strings

In the program, the character array char *s = "\\\"\\\\"; is defined with the value "\"\\". When printing s[1] using printf("[%c]", s[1]);, it prints the character at index 1 of the string.

Here's the breakdown of the string \\\"\\\\:

•s[0] is '\'

•s[1] is '"'

So, the program outputs ["]. Therefore, the correct answer is B. The program outputs ["]

The program is not a valid C program and cannot be compiled successfully. The reason is that the program uses the same name main for both a function and a variable, which is not allowed in C. The name main is a reserved keyword that denotes the entry point of the program, and it cannot be redefined or reused for any other purpose. Therefore, the compiler will report an error and the program will not run. References = C - main() function - Tutorialspoint, C Keywords - GeeksforGeeks, C Basic Syntax

The program defines a function fun with a static variable i. The main function declares two variables k and 1 (Note: The second variable has an invalid name, it should be changed to a valid identifier).

The fun function is called twice, and each time it increments the static variable i by 1. The values assigned to k and 1 become 2 and 3, respectively. The printf statement then prints the result of 1 + k, which is 3 + 2 equal to 5.

Therefore, the correct answer is "The program outputs 5."