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 The Alias and Redirect directives in Apache HTTPD’s configuration file have different purposes and effects. The Alias directive maps a URL path to a file system path, allowing the server to serve content that is not under the DocumentRoot. The Redirect directive instructs the client to make a new request with a different URL, which can be used to redirect requests to another server or location. The Redirect directive can use either a fixed URL or a regular expression to match and replace the original URL.

The difference between Alias and Redirect is that Alias is handled on the server side, meaning that the client does not see the file system path that the server uses to serve the content. The Redirect directive is handled on the client side, meaning that the client sees the new URL that the server sends back as a response. The client then makes a new request with the new URL, which may or may not be handled by the same server.

Therefore, the correct statements are C and D. Statement A is false because Alias can reference files outside of the DocumentRoot. Statement B is false because RedirectMatch is the directive that works with regular expressions, not Redirect. Statement E is false because Alias is a valid configuration directive.

References:

• mod_alias - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
• How to Redirect a Web Page with Apache - W3docs

 The option within the ISC DHCPD configuration file that defines the IPv4 DNS server address(es) to be sent to the DHCP clients is domain-name-servers. This option takes one or more IPv4 addresses as arguments and specifies the DNS servers that the client should use for name resolution. The domain-name-servers option is part of the standard DHCP options defined in RFC 2132 and is supported by the ISC DHCP server. The domain-name-servers option can be specified globally, per subnet, per shared network, per group, or per host in the dhcpd.conf file. For example, the following line in the dhcpd.conf file will assign the DNS servers 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2 to all DHCP clients:

option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.2;

References:

• ISC DHCP 4.4 Manual Pages - dhcp-options
• [RFC 2132 - DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor Extensions]
• isc-dhcp-server - Community Help Wiki - Official Ubuntu Documentation

The client-to-client option in OpenVPN enables the VPN server to forward packets between VPN clients internally, without sending them to the IP layer of the host system. This means that the host networking stack does not see or process the client-to-client traffic at all. This option can improve the performance and efficiency of the VPN, as well as reduce the load on the host system. However, it also means that the VPN server cannot apply any firewall rules or routing policies to the client-to-client traffic, as it would if the traffic passed through the host IP layer. Therefore, this option should be used with caution and only when the VPN clients are trusted and isolated from other networks. References:

• OpenVPN 2.x HOWTO, section “Client-to-client”
• OpenVPN 2.4 man page, option “–client-to-client”

 The Apache HTTPD configuration directive that specifies the RSA private key that was used in the generation of the SSL certificate for the server is SSLCertificateKeyFile1. This directive sets the file path and name of the file containing the server private key2. The private key is used to decrypt the data that is encrypted with the public key contained in the certificate1. The private key must match the certificate, otherwise an error will occur when starting the server2. The other options are not valid directives for Apache HTTPD. References:

• mod_ssl - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4
• Why is SSLCertificateKeyFile needed for Apache? - Stack Overflow