ECCouncil 312-38 Based on Real Exam Environment

WPA5 is not a standard term used in the industry, and there seems to be a confusion or typo in the question. However, based on the context of Wi-Fi security and encryption, the closest relevant standard is WPA3, which uses AES-GCMP 256 as its encryption algorithm. WPA3 is the successor to WPA2 and provides enhanced security features. It uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with Galois/Counter Mode Protocol (GCMP) 256-bit encryption, which offers a higher level of security than the previous encryption methods used in WPA2, such as AES-CCMP. AES-GCMP 256 provides robust protection against various attacks and is designed to work efficiently on a wide range of devices, including those with limited processing capabilities.

References: The information provided is based on the current understanding of Wi-Fi security protocols, specifically the WPA3 standard, which is known to use AES-GCMP 256-bit encryption123.

The last step Malone should list in his incident handling plan is ‘A follow-up’. This step is crucial as it involves analyzing the incident to understand how it occurred and what can be done to prevent similar incidents in the future. It often includes a review of the effectiveness of the response, identification of lessons learned, updating policies and procedures accordingly, and conducting training sessions if necessary. This step ensures that the organization improves its security posture and is better prepared for future incidents.

References: The follow-up step is aligned with the incident response life cycle which includes preparation, identification, containment, eradication, recovery, and then follow-up as the final phase. This is consistent with the best practices in incident response and is covered in the Certified Network Defender (CND) curriculum as well as in the NIST guidelines on incident response1.

Virtual machines (VMs) operate based on hardware-level virtualization, which means they emulate entire hardware systems, including CPUs, memory, and network interfaces, allowing multiple operating systems to run on a single physical machine. Each VM includes a full copy of an operating system, the application, necessary binaries, and libraries - taking up tens of GBs. VMs are completely isolated from the host OS, which is why they do not share the host OS. This is in contrast to containers, which share the host system’s kernel and are more lightweight as they do not require a full OS within each container.

References: The Certified Network Defender (CND) course by EC-Council covers various aspects of network security, including enterprise virtual network security, which encompasses the use of VMs and their characteristics12.

The hot plugging technique allows for the replacement of computer components without the need to shut down the system. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is known for supporting hot plugging, which is particularly useful for hard drives and solid-state drives. This feature enables users to connect or disconnect the device while the system is running without risking data loss or damage. SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) also supports hot plugging for some devices, but SATA is more commonly associated with this capability for consumer-level computer components.

References: The information provided aligns with industry standards and practices regarding hot plugging capabilities of computer interfaces12.