CyberOps Associate 200-201 Exam Questions and Answers PDF

Application-level allow list refers to the practice of specifying an index of approved applications that are permitted to be executed in a system environment or network, which means only specific files are allowed while everything else is denied by default, enhancing security.

An attack vector is the method or technique that an attacker uses to exploit a vulnerability in a system or network. An attack vector can be a software, hardware, or human component that can be manipulated to gain unauthorized access, execute malicious code, or cause damage. An attack surface is the sum of all the possible attack vectors that are exposed by a system or network. An attack surface can be reduced by applying security measures such as patching, hardening, firewalling, and encrypting. References: Understanding Cisco Cybersecurity Operations Fundamentals (CBROPS) - Cisco, page 1-4; 200-201 CBROPS - Cisco, exam topic 1.1.c

NAT (Network Address Translation) and PAT (Port Address Translation) are technologies that modify the IP address information in packet headers as they pass through a router or firewall, making it difficult to trace the communication back to the originating end-device.

• Indicators of Attack (IoA) refer to observable behaviors or artifacts that suggest a security breach or ongoing attack.
• When internal hosts communicate with countries outside the business range, it may indicate data exfiltration or command-and-control communication to an external threat actor.
• Unlike Indicators of Compromise (IoC) which indicate that a system has already been compromised, IoAs are often used to identify malicious activity in its early stages.
• Monitoring for unusual outbound connections is a crucial aspect of detecting advanced persistent threats (APTs) and other sophisticated attacks.

References

• Difference Between Indicators of Compromise and Indicators of Attack
• Cyber Threat Detection Using Indicators of Attack
• Network Monitoring for Anomalous Behavior