CQE Leak Questions

The Risk Priority Number (RPN) in FMEA is determined by the product of the frequency of occurrence, severity, and detection ratings. This multiplication helps in quantifying the risk associated with each potential failure mode, allowing for prioritization of corrective actions based on the highest risk areas.

The client, or the party commissioning the audit, has the primary responsibility for defining the purpose and scope of the audit.

The client sets the objectives, scope, and criteria to ensure the audit meets their specific needs and requirements.

The audit manager and auditor may assist in refining the scope and purpose but the initial determination lies with the client.

References: The ASQ "Auditing Handbook" and ISO 19011:2018 guidelines on auditing management systems outline the client's role in defining audit scope and objectives.

Instructing that all employees involved in creating those discrepancies be re-trained is considered a risk treatment. This action addresses the root cause of the non-conformities by improving the skills and knowledge of the employees, thereby reducing the likelihood of future occurrences.

The critical path is the longest path through the project, determining the shortest time to complete the project. The components and their dependencies are:

W: Installation Time = 4 weeks

X: Acquisition Time = 5 weeks + Installation Time = 4 weeks, Total = 9 weeks

Y: Predecessors are W, X, Z. Therefore, Y cannot start until W, X, and Z are completed.

Z: Installation Time = 6 weeks

To find the critical path:

W: 4 weeks

X: 9 weeks

Z: 6 weeks

Y depends on W, X, and Z, so Y starts after the longest time among W, X, and Z, which is 9 weeks (X), and Y takes 4 weeks. Thus, the total time is 9 weeks + 4 weeks = 13 weeks.

References:

Kerzner, H. (2017). Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling. Wiley.

PMBOK® Guide (2017). Project Management Institute.