CND 312-38 Reddit Questions

Physical controls are security measures that are designed to deny unauthorized access to facilities, equipment, and resources, and to protect personnel and property from damage or harm. Security labels and warning signs fall under this category as they are part of the physical measures taken to alert individuals about security protocols and to deter unauthorized access. These controls are a critical aspect of an organization’s overall security strategy, ensuring that sensitive information and assets are physically secured against unauthorized access or alterations.

References: The categorization of security labels and warning signs as physical controls is consistent with the Certified Network Defender (CND) course materials, which outline various types of security controls and their respective roles in protecting networked systems12.

In MacOS, disk encryption is implemented by enabling the FileVault feature. FileVault is a disk encryption program available in Mac operating systems that uses XTS-AES-128 encryption with a 256-bit key to help prevent unauthorized access to information on the startup disk. It’s designed to encrypt the entire drive on your Mac, protecting your data with a password and automatically encrypting everything stored on the Mac. This feature is particularly important for users who handle sensitive information and want to ensure that their data is secure, even if their computer is lost or stolen.

References: The explanation is based on the official Apple Support documentation, which provides detailed guidance on using FileVault for disk encryption on MacOS12.

The netstat command is used to display network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships. To list all ports available on a server, including both TCP and UDP, along with the listening state and associated program names, the -tunlp options are used:

• -t shows TCP ports.
• -u shows UDP ports.
• -n displays addresses and port numbers in numerical form.
• -l shows only listening sockets.
• -p shows the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs.

Therefore, the command sudo netstat -tunlp effectively lists all ports available on a server with detailed information.

References:

• EC-Council Certified Network Defender (CND) Study Guide
• Linux netstat command documentation

The IEEE 802.16 is a series of wireless broadband standards, also known as WirelessMAN, that are designed for Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). It specifies the air interface, including the medium access control layer (MAC) and physical layer (PHY), of combined fixed and mobile point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access systems. This standard supports rapid deployment of broadband wireless access systems and encourages competition by providing alternatives to wireline broadband access.

References: The information is verified by the IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access Systems1, and further details can be found in the IEEE 802.16 Working Group’s documents23.