312-38 Reviews Questions

To ensure that Windows PCs are up-to-date and have fewer internal security flaws, Byron should focus on regularly applying the latest security patches and updates. This can be achieved by:

• Downloading and installing the latest patches: Ensures that any vulnerabilities identified in the operating system and applications are fixed promptly.
• Enabling Windows Automatic Updates: Automates the process of checking for and installing updates, ensuring that PCs are always protected with the most current security measures.

Regularly updating the system helps in closing security loopholes that could be exploited by attackers. Antivirus software and turning off unnecessary services (Option A) are also important, but they do not address the critical need for regular patching. Centrally assigning group policies (Option B) is useful for managing security settings but does not directly address updating and patching. Dedicating a partition and formatting with NTFS (Option D) is unrelated to keeping systems up-to-date.

References:

• EC-Council Certified Network Defender (CND) Study Guide
• Microsoft Windows Update Documentation

The correct filter to detect UDP scan attempts using Wireshark is not listed among the options provided. To detect UDP scan attempts, a Wireshark filter that targets UDP traffic specifically would be used, rather than an ICMP type and code filter. A common method to detect a UDP scan is to look for a large amount of UDP packets sent to different ports, which can be indicative of a scanning activity. The filter would typically include parameters that isolate UDP traffic, such as udp.port or udp.dstport combined with a range or list of ports.

References: The information provided is based on standard practices for using Wireshark to detect network scanning activities, as outlined in resources like the InfosecMatter guide on detecting network attacks with Wireshark1. While the EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) course materials would provide detailed methodologies for network defense, including the use of tools like Wireshark, the specific filters for detecting UDP scans would align with the general usage of Wireshark as described in various online resources and documentation1.

Packet filtering firewalls operate at the Network Layer of the OSI model. This layer is responsible for the transmission of data packets across network boundaries, which is a fundamental function of packet filtering firewalls. They analyze incoming and outgoing packets and make decisions based on set rules, such as IP addresses, protocols, and ports, to allow or block traffic. This is crucial for protecting the network from unauthorized access and potential threats.

References: The information aligns with standard networking principles and the functionalities of packet filtering firewalls as they are commonly understood in the field of network security123.

The IP address range from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 falls under Class A. In the Class A type of network, the first octet (the first 8 bits of the IP address) is used for the network part, and the remaining 24 bits are used for host addresses. The default subnet mask for Class A is 255.0.0.0, which aligns with the given network’s default subnet mask. Class A networks are designed to support a very large number of hosts. The first bit of a Class A address is always set to 0, which means the first octet can range from 1 to 127, thus including the given IP address range.

References: This explanation is based on standard networking principles regarding IP address classes as outlined in resources like the Meridian Outpost article on IPv4 address classes1, and is consistent with the objectives and documents of the EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) program.